International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS)

Journal of International Society of
Life Information Science


Vol.15, No.1, March 1997
ISSN 1341-9226

ABSTRACTS & KEYWORDS



[Original Paper] peer-reviewed



Brain Activation During Visual (Subliminal) Stimulation of Ultra-Short Duration

(Received on October 23, 1996, Final revised and Accepted on February 3, 1997)

Manabu TASHIRO1, Hiroyuki ISHIZAKI1, Nobuyuki OKAMURA1, Hiroshi MIYAZAKI2, Keizo ISHII3, and Masatoshi ITOH1
1 Div. of Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron Radioisotope Center, Tohoku Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
2 Laboratory of Neuroinfomation Science, Tohoku-Gakuin Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
3 Div. of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
Abstract:
A new generation 3D-PET device, which is characterized by high sensitivity and high resolution, allows a series of eight to ten scans in a single subject within a short period of time. We applied this device for the study of cognitive processes of the human brain during subliminal stimulation, or visual exposures of ultra-short duration. The results revealed areas of positive or negative correlations between the length of the exposure time and cerebral blood flow changes in the subjects. Regions of activation found common across subjects may include foci which are actually involved in subliminal perceptions. Common areas of the positive correlation across two subjects were as follows: right visual association, the primary visual, primary motor, left motor association and left temporal area (Brodmann 22 area).
Keywords:
3D-PET, H215O, cerebral blood flow, subliminal stimulation, SPM



Non-visual Color Recognition

Yoichiro SAKO and Tomoko ONO
ESPER Laboratory, Sony Corporation (Tokyo, Japan)

(Received on October 9, 1996, Final revised and Accepted on February 3, 1997)

Abstract:
The authors seek to establish the existence of non-visual color recognition processes, such as the dermat-sight and clairvoyance. Two psychic persons participated in non-visual color recognition experiments conducted using colored papers, colored sponges and LEDs. Tests using 17 different colored papers, 5 different colored sponges and 3 different monochromatic papers produced highly significant results that offer strong support for the existence of non-visual color recognition. The existence of the phenomenon was also observed when color information was blocked from the subject's skin, thus suggesting that clairvoyance may be a factor. Detection of differences in colored LEDs was more difficult than colored papers or sponges, possibly, as reported by the subject, because LED color was experienced as light rather than color.
Keywords:
ESP, clairvoyance, dermat-sight, non-visual recognition, color recognition



Application of a Single Square Voltage Pulse Method

Mami KIDO
Tohoku-Gakuin University, Faculty of Liberal Arts (Sendai, Japan)

(Received on October 23, 1996, Final revised and Accepted on February 3, 1997)

Abstract:
Biophysical changes due to mental activities were measured using single square voltage pulse method (SSVP) in response to various stimula, biofeedback, image recollection, meditation, Zen, Qi-gong and others. Interesting biological information on humans was obtained by this method. From thermal radiation stimulus experiments, parameter AP, which is related to autonomic nerve system, was observed to increase by sympathetic nerve excitement. In audiovisual stimulus and image recollection experiments, mental effects induced at the central cerebral were converted possibly through the autonomic nerve system to the peripheral part of our body, which were detected by SSVP. Moreover, degree of concentration, depth of meditation and in some cases developmental stage of mental training techniques were also measured. The SSVP method was applied for relaxation oriented biofeedback training regarding the activity of the sympathetic nerve system during relaxation, and was effective. The self-regulation effects of Qi-gong operation revealed extraordinal control of autonomic nervous system.
Keywords:
single square voltage pulse (single pulse), biofeedback, autonomic nervous system, Qi-gong, pain measurement, image recollection, Zen meditation, conscious states, paranormal ability





[Proceedings of Third Symposium of Life Information Science]
without peer-reviewed




NOTICE

These abstracts of the articles in the Symposium Proceedings are preliminary reports and they are printed as provided by the authors who have full responsibility for their contents, which have not been edited by the editors of the Journal.


EEG Change in Anomalous Perception Task Related to Somatic Sensation

Mikio YAMAMOTO1, Masahiko HIRASAWA1, Hideyuki KOKUBO1, Kimiko KAWANO2,1, Tomoko KOKADO1, Tsuyoshi HIRATA3 and Nakahiro YASUDA1
1 National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)
2 Nippon Medical School (Tokyo, Japan)
3 Information Technology Research Laboratory, NEC Corporation (Kawasaki, Japan)
Abstract:
A qigong master (qi sender) and an ordinary person (qi receiver) were placed in a sensory-shielded state made with a metal box etc., and anomalous perception by qigong was attempted while both were connected to electroencephalographs. The sender transmitted qi during a randomly selected half one minute period. The receiver attempted to perceive the time zone. Over 20 trials, the receiver was not able to perceive the true sending time zone with any statistical significance. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the alpha wave amplitude in her electroencephalogram between the sending and non-sending time zones at the corresponding region to her somatic sensory and motor area in the period 13 to 17 seconds from the start of the task. This result not only suggests the existence of anomalous perception in the subconscious but also has an interesting consistency with results of our experiments on anomalous perception related to visual sensation on the point that the alpha wave amplitude in the receiver's electroencephalograms increases on his / her sensory area related to a loaded anomalous perception task at 10 or more seconds after the start of the task.
Keywords:
subconscious, anomalous, perception, electroencephalogram, alpha wave, somatic sensation, EEG, qigong



A Study on Remote Anomalous Cognition with Judgment and Measurements of Auditory Evoked Potential and EEG

Hideyuki KOKUBO1, Tsuyoshi HIRATA2, Masahiko HIRASAWA1, Masayuki HIRAFUJI3, Takaaki OHTA, Shinya ITO, Tomoko KOKADO1 and Mikio YAMAMOTO1
1 National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)
2 Information Technology Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation (Kawasaki, Japan)
3 National Agriculture Research Center (Tsukuba, Japan)
Abstract:
The remote anomalous cognition (AC) experiment in which guessing is performed by many participants simultaneously is reported. Sixty-two participants, who have not claimed to have anomalous mental functions, guessed the location and the behavior of the target person simultaneously and recorded their mentation. The mentation reports were compared to records of the target person's behavior and ordered according to the degree of their coincidence. A significant hit rate about one target person was obtained in one session out of the two, each of which contained three target persons. The background electroencephalograms (EEGs) and the auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) of one target person were measured during the session, and the change in AEP was obtained during the AC period. The results were interesting, but are not sufficient evidence of AC because of the small number of data; further studies are needed to elucidate AC.
Keywords:
anomalous cognition, AC, remote viewing, auditory evoked potential, alpha waves, EEG



EEG analysis of children while concentrating on tasks

Kimiko KAWANO 1,2, Mikio YAMAMOTO 2, Masahiko HIRASAWA 2, Hideyuki KOKUBO 2 and Nakahiro YASUDA 2
Centre for Informatics and Sciences, Nippon Medical School (Tokyo)
Div. of Radiation Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba)
Abstract:
EEGs of four children, ranging in age between 4 and 11 years, were measured to investigate the learning process for a particular capability in the brain. The following points were seen. From the analysis of alpha waves: (1) Concentrating ability increased with age. (2) For the younger children, concentrating without materials to gaze at seemed to be difficult. From theta waves: (1) Fm theta was sometimes observed. From beta waves: (1) Linguistic assignments activated the left hemisphere. (2) Even with frequent visual stimulation, functions of the right hemisphere, such as making a momentary decision or inner visualization, were not presented clearly.
Keywords:
EEG, alpha-wave, beta-wave, Fm theta, child, concentration, brain laterality



[ISLIS ACTIVITY]


Construction of ISLIS Internet Home Pages

Hideyuki KOKUBO, Akira FURUKAWA and Mikio YAMAMOTO
National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)
Abstract:
Home pages of the International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS) and the Journal of International Society of Life Information Science (Journal of ISLIS) have been constructed and added to lists of major search engines world wide. The cumulative access number of visitors was over one thousand during the 3 months prior to the end of January 1997. Moreover, some major institutes outside Japan have added ISLIS's home pages to their links recently.
Keywords:
International Society of Life Information Science, ISLIS, journal, WWW, web, Internet, home page



[SPECIAL LECTURE1]


Trends in Immuno-neuro-endocrinology

Yuzo HIGUCHI
Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo, Japan)
Abstract:
An outline of the deveropment trends in immuno-neuro-endocrinology is presented. The works of experts are presented along with the author's own commentary on homeostasis, theory of stress, neuro-endocrinology development, immunology development, confirmation of immuno-neuro-endocrinology, existing conditions and mental problems, future prospects and the role of immuno-neuro-endocrinology.
Keywords:
immuno-neuro-endocrinology, homeostasis, stress, cytokine, psychoneuroimmunology



EEG Spectral Analysis on Qigong Meditation

Xu-Zhan XIANG1, Hiroshi MIYAZAKI2, Masatoshi ITOH 3, Manabu TASHIRO3 and Hiroaki OMORI1
1 Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku Univ. Graduate School of Medicine (Sendai, Japan)
2 Laboratory of Neuroinformation Science, Tohoku-Gakuin Univ. (Sendai,Japan)
3 Division of Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron RI Center, Tohoku Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
Abstract:
EEG spectral analysis was applied on nine right-handed Qigong masters during Qigong practice. EEGs were recorded according to the international 10-20 system using Brain Atlas II (Biologic, USA). EEG spectra were averaged during 30 seconds to produce relative frequencies and their peaks which were divided into delta(0.5-4.0 Hz), theta(4.5-8.0 Hz), alpha(8.5-13.0 Hz), beta1(13.5-20.0 Hz), beta2(20.5-30.0 Hz) bands. Large individual variations were found across subjects in theta, alpha, beta2 fractions, although the difference between on and off meditation was not significant. Variations were most noted in the frontal electrodes without right-left asymmetry. This implied heterogeneity in the way of Qigong practice between subjects and the need for caution in discussing Qigong meditation as a whole.
Keywords:
EEG, Qigong, meditation, sensitivity, individual variations



Effects of Qi-gong Vital Energy on Human Neutrophils

Takuji KATAOKA1, Norikazu SUGIYAMA1 and Mippou MATSUMOTO2
1 System Division, Hamamatsu Photonics KK ( Shizuoka, Japan )
2 Jyoyuin Laboratories ( Nara, Japan )
Abstract:
This study was undertaken to examine the effects of externally applied Qi-gong vital energy at the cellular level, using scientific methods. M. Matsumoto, who is the president of Jyoyuin Laboratories (a Traditional Chinese Medicine clinic located in Yamato Koriyama City, Nara Prefecture, Japan), has been applying his unique therapy using Qi-gong vital energy to treat various diseases and has obtained favorable results. Our experiment was designed to clarify the effects of Qi-gong vital energy on neutrophils isolated from human peripheral blood. The experiment demonstrated that Qi-gong vital energy affects the signal transduction system of neutrophils and enhances their phagocytic activity.
Keywords:
Qi-gong vital energy, PBS, neutrophil, phagocytosis, oxygen radical, calcium ion



Endocrine and Immune Response during Guolin'New Qigong

Yuzo HIGUCHI1, Yasunori KOTANI1, Hironobu HIGUCHI2,Yukiko MINEGISHI3, Jinrou ITAMI4, Taigen UH5 and Yasutake MANDA6
1 Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo, Japan)
2 College of Tohoku Medical Technology (Sendai, Japan)
3 Kokushikan University (Tokyo, Japan)
4 Shibata Hospital(Kurashiki, Japan)
5 Beigjin Guolin' New Qigong Research Association(Beijin, China)
6 Guolin' New Qigong Association in Japan(Tokyo, Japan)
Abstract:
Endocrine and immune responses were measured before and after Qigong was conducted for 40 minutes, using the Guoliln' New Qigong techniques called Shizen-Koukou and Chukaikou. Plasma cortisol and adrenaline levels decreased while beta-endolphin, dopamine, noradrenaline, and CD4/CD8 showed a tendency of increase. It was concluded that practicing the Guolin' New Qigong techniques alleviated stress and caused sympathetic nerve activity declines. Also, when the CD4/CD8 ratio increases,the suppressor T-cells also increased, and this improves the immunity function. The results of practicing Shizen-Koukou and Chukaikou were compared,but there were no significant differences.
Keywords :
Qigong, beta-Endolphin, Dopamine, Cortisol, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, NK cell activity, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8



Proposal and Analysis of a Card Game to Evaluate Intellectual Resonance (or Synchronization) in Human Groups

Masahiro KURITA
The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan)
Abstract:
Although resonance (or synchronization) in human mental activity has been variously observed and reported on, a method to quantitatively analyze intellectual resonance based on a concrete message has not been established. We have proposed a card game named "synchro-X" which introduces a method to analyze how and to what extent intellectual resonance occurs in a group, using digital information, such as numbers and characters and analog information, such as figures and visual images. In this game participants take their seats and fill out special cards according to instructions. The degree of coincidance among neighboring participants is then examined and scores are assigned to the results. We have also designed mathematical tools to evaluate the results within a framework of probability theory. As an experimental study we carried out 480 trials. Here, the data of 400 participants (11 groups) with no preconception of resonance were analyzed. The digital information falls into the theoretically expected range. The data may also be useful for evaluating a trial in which resonance is a specific aim.
Keywords:
synchronization, card game, information transfer, resonance, subconsciousness



[MINI SYMPOSIUMS]


Present Status of Chinese Studies on Qigong and Anomalous Somatic Science

Mikio YAMAMOTO , Chairperson
Yoshio MACHI , Physical and Engineering Aspects
Kimiko KAWANO , Bio and Physiolosical Aspects
Ryoichi OBITSU , Medical Aspects



Clairvoyance and Synesthesia

Yoichiro SAKO1 and Shuji HONMA2
1 ESPER Laboratory, Sony Corporation (Tokyo, Japan)
2 Production Division, TBS-Vision, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan)
Abstract:
The authors investigate clairvoyance, where subjects can non-visually perceive letters or figures written on a sheet of rolled up paper. The existence of "synesthesia," a synchronized reaction among the five senses, is acknowledged in which for example, someone sees pictures or colors when he hears sounds. In this report, the authors have sought to prove that synesthesia exists in clairvoyance, which may be a kind of sixth sense., Clairvoyance experiments were carried out on seven subjects using letters and figures which seemed to stimulate the sensation of hearing, taste, smell or touch for target samples. In a total of twenty trials, there were two examples for which the first sensation was not visual, but hearing and smell. Although detected in only two examples, it was suggested that there exists a possibility of synesthesia in clairvoyance.
Keywords:
clairvoyance, synesthesia, five senses, sixth sense, ESP



A Study on Effects of Music on Physical Condition and Complaints

Manabu TASHIRO1, Hiroyuki ISHIZAKI1, Takehiko FUJIWARA1, Masatoshi ITOH1, Youichi KOSAKA2 and Rumiko SAITO,
1 Div. of Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron Radioisotope Center, Tohoku Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
2 Dept. of Geriatric Medicine, Tohoku Univ. (Sendai, Japan)
Abstract:
Music probably has effects on physical condition and complaints, or subjective symptoms, of individuals. We investigated the effects of music by questionnaires based on self-assessment. The data were collected before and after a public concert. Most of the attendants expressed improvement in both their physical conditions and complaints, and significant change in the median of the data showed the effectiveness. Statistical significance was confirmed by two rank tests as p=0.000061. We concluded that certain kinds of music have effects to improve physical condition and complaints of individuals and that the rank tests are useful to evaluate specific changes in subjective experiences such as physical condition and so on.
Keywords:
music, complaints, subjective symptoms, physical condition, self assessment, questionnaires, rank tests, statistical analysis



A Measurement of Physical and Mental Health at Hase Village in Nagano Prefecture

Takayuki MIYAMOTO 1, Fumio AKASAKA 2 and Akiyoshi OSHIMA 3
1 Ministry of Construction/Chubu Regional Construction Bureau Mibu River Comprehensive Development Work Office(Hase,Japan)
2 Physical Philosophy Institute(Tokyo,Japan),
3 WORD Laboratory Inc. (Urayasu, Japan)
Abstract:
Hase Village in Nagano Prefecture has been known as having a distinct magnetic field which has a positive influence on the human body in both mental and physical functions. This research looks for proof of the influence using AP parameter, BP parameter, anxiety survey, electromyograms, and alphawave measurements. Total of 30 people including students living in Tokyo and a nearby suburban area were brought to Hase Village to stay 3 to 5 days and the difference between the measurement result in Tokyo and Hase village were compared. With all the results except alphawave measurements, a positive influence were seen in Hase Village.
Keywords:
Measurement, AMI, Anxiety Survey, Electromyogram, alphawave



Biophysical Measurements When Practicing Zen and Qi-gong by the same subject

Mami KIDO1 and Kohei KUSHITA2
1 Faculty of Liberal Artts, Tohoku-Gakuin University (Sendai, Japan )
2 Dept. of Radioisotopes, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Tokai, Japan)
Abstract:
Biophysical measurements during the practice of Zen and Qi-gong were performed. Results obtained by the single square voltage pulse method showed parasympathetic nervous system was dominant during Zen as indicated by the drop in after polarization current parameter in the digestion organ-related meridian spots. During Qi-gong the sympathetic nerve was excited, except for Tantou, which is known as standing Zen. Both cases showed increased blood pressure which may be related to breathing for control of mind and body. The features of oxygen metabolism differed according to the various methods or types of Zen and Qi-gong.
Keywords:
Zen, Qi-gong, single square voltage pulse method, near infrared photometry, autonomic nervous system, oxygen metabolism, blood pressure



Physiological Measurements for the Static Qigong " Xiao Zhou Tian "

MACHI Yoshio1 , LIU Chao2 and WU Ren Zhao3
1 Tokyo Denki Univ,
2 China Academy Management Science,
3 Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Abstract:
At a glance, the static Qigong Xiao Zhou Tian looks similar to the Zen in style. But it is said, in this type of Qigong, the Qi circulation from the Du channel to the Ren channel , is most important. But this cannot be seen. This report gives the results of scientific measurements on Xiao Zhou Tian. From our results, the Qigong master's respiration during Xiao Zhou Tian has a very important role and we found that the Qi circulation is strongly related to his respiration. It is understood that when alpha wave patterns in the EEG topograph are connected from the back to the front of his head at around maximum of his abdominal respiration, this is one revolution of Qi. Qi moves from his Du channel to the Ren channel. The rhythm of heart rate and voltage of R point of ECG data were almost diminished compared to that before Qigong. On the other hand, the minimum voltage of the photo-plethysmogram wave increased tremendously.
Keyword:
EEG topograph, ECG , Respiration ,Photo-plethysmograph, GSR



Study on the Pressure Dependence of Pulse Waves

Yoshinori ADACHI1, Takashi AOKI2 and Takashi FUJII2
1 Business Administration and Information Science, Chubu University (Kasugai, Japan)
2 Dept. of Engineering Physics, Chubu University (Kasugai, Japan)
Abstract:
Pulse diagnosis is one of four efficient diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine. However, interpretation of diagnosis from pulse waves differ from school to school. Furthermore, much experience is needed, because numerical expressions do not exist. Then pulse diagnosis cannot be used by every one. In this study, the pressure effects on the pulse waves, which were caused by pressing a condenser microphone against proper places around the wrist, Chun, Kuan and Che, were investigated. The pulse wave changes which come from three pressing methods in traditional Chinese medicine, the float press, the middle press and the sink press, were found, and the possibility of identifying the physiological condition of the human body was shown.
Keywords:
pulse diagnosis, condenser microphone, pressure effect, pulse wave, traditional Chinese medicine



[SPECIAL LECTURE 2]


The use of Medical Hypnosis in the field of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Toshirou KONDOU
Kondou Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics (Kawasaki, Japan)
Abstract:
Hypnosis means a specific state of the altered state of consciousness which is triggered by a series of suggestion mechanisms. It is similar to the state of sleep but not exactly the same because it also shows the state of arousal which denotes the state of highly suggested consciousness for the mental function of perception and behavior, memory and concept, feeling and will. Suggestion means a psychological state in which one follows the directive of others without any resistance. However it depends on personality differences and the therapist - client relationship. For 40 years the author has been conducting medical hypnosis for the diseases of psycho-gynecology and psycho-obstetrics such as immature marriage, eating disorders, maternity blues and involution and has obtained good results.
Keywords:
Medical Hypnosis, Sterility, Painless Delivery, Psycho-gynecology & Psycho-Obstetrics, Fasting Therapy



The Electrophysiological Study of Acupuncture Anesthesia

Yoshihiro UEDA, Hitoshi KASHIBA and Masaaki ISHII
Dept. Physiology, Kansai College of Oriental Medicine (Osaka , Japan)
Abstract:
The mechanism of acupuncture anesthesia (A.A.) is complicated in its clinical aspect, because different types of anesthesia are induced depending upon the stimulus intensity and frequency of the acupuncture point. So, this effect was re-examined regarding: 1) the grip strength; 2) the pain threshold; 3) EMG(the amplitude and the latency of M-wave, T-wave and H-wave; and 4) the influence to the brain wave. The A.A. has two effects which are acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture paralysis. This paper shows the muscle force was reduced and individual differences were caused due to the depth of A.A.. The grip strength on the stimulated side was decreased by E.A. and the decreased grip strength recovered more rapidly than the tendon(T)-reflex. The grip strength on the non-stimulated side had little influence from E.A..
Keywords:
acupuncture anesthesia, electrical acupuncture, grip strength, EMG, T-wave, M-wave, H-wave, latency



Effects of untouched healing under suggestive or non suggestive condition on autonomic nervous function

Itsuo KURAMOTO, Seiya UCHIDA, Hisanobu SUGANO and Yasutami TSUDA
MOA Health Science Foundation, Life Science Institute.(Fukuoka, Japan)
Abstract :
Simultaneous measurements of rectangular pulse current (AMI), perspiration and peripheral blood flow revealed that the BP and AP which are the parameters of AMI were useful to the measurement of autonomic nervous function. The AP related with perspiration, while the BP with blood flow. Changes in the BP and AP during healing were measured under suggestive and non-suggestive conditions, and found that the AP was influenced by psychological changes, while the BP showed the effect of untouched healing.
Keywords :
untouched healing, Qi-gong, suggestion, AMI, perspiration, peripheral blood flow, autonomic nervous system, conscious, subconscious Introduction



Materials' Emission Induced by Light and Its Effect on Bio-impedance

Takashi AOKI1 and Wakako AOKI2
1 Chubu University (Aichi, Japan)
2 Nanzan University (Aichi, Japan)
Abstract:
The authors developed a wave field generator of a new type.The generator uses the phenomenon whereby a material has, around it,its own wave field, which can be pushed out in the direction of a lightbeam passing through the field. When Chinese medicines, etc. which im-prove a person's physical condition, relieve pain and cure diseases andmake such fields are placed near the passing light beam, directionalwave fields having cure effects are obtainable. These fields (named MEIL) were examined in terms of influences on electrical impedances ofhuman bodies. Skin conductivities related to meridian autonomous nervousexicitements were measured by a neurometer before and after MEIL-irradi-ations. With MEIL-irradiations, the skin conductivities showed statisti-cally significant changes (p<0.01) as compared with those by a placebo-MEIL. The MEIL can adjust anomalous excitement levels of autonomousnerves of the meridians.
Keywords:
Oriental medicine, acupuncture, neurometry, qi-gong, physiotherapeutics, bio-impedance, autonomous nerve.



[Work-in-progress]

An Experiment on Auditory Evoked Potential at Imaginary Measurement

Masahiko HIRASAWA, Akira FURUKAWA and Mikio YAMAMOTO
National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)
Abstract:
Von Neumann's theory of measurement was tested for the crisis of realism founded on the break down of Bell's inequality. The theory asserts that contraction of a wave packet in quantum mechanics by measurement is caused by out-of-brain consciousness. Imaginary measurement was carried out for the macro-system superposing two different states. The auditory evoked potentials of the measurer were compared between the time of the realization and non-realization of the imaginary measurement. The result showed the statistically significant difference in the peak amplitudes of P300s which appear in accompaniment to discrimination tasks. The explanation of this significant difference may be difficult from the viewpoint that the consciousness of the measurer does not influence the contraction of wave packets.
Keywords:
quantum mechanics, theory of measurement, von Neumann, RNG, auditory evoked potential, P300, realism, consciousness, EEG, observation



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