Journal of ISLIS, Vol.22. No.2, 2004 English

Vol.22, No.2 September 2004

Journal of International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS)

Contents

[ISLIS ]

P.241

Founding prospectus of International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS)

P.243

Advisors of ISLIS

P.245

Officers of ISLIS

P.247

Trustees of ISLIS

P.249

Report on the 17th Symposium on Life Information Science

P.250

Program

P.259

[Invited Special Lecture 1 : Dr. Sae-il Chun]

Current Status of Mind-Body Medicine as Complementary Alternative Medicine in Korea

Abstract:The ultimate goal of eiminating diseases and maintaining normal health is same both in western (modern) medicine and oriental medicine. At the present time, the western medicine tends to take more scientific technological approach in their practice while the oriental medicine still maintain more humanistic approach. humanistic approach. 500 year old traditional medicine still challenges the 21 century scientific modern medicine in the field of clinical practices. The "disease-oriented" oriental medicine classify it into " healthy and unhealthy " states. For the maintenance of normal health, five principles are emphasized. They are 1) eat right, 2) move right, 3) sleep right, 4) breathe right, and 5) mind right. To reverse an unhealthy condition back to normal healthy state, the methods of 1) natural substance therapy, 2) exercise therapy, and 3) stimulation therapies including acupuncture, moxibustion, finger pressure, and cupping techniques. In order to eliminate the diseases, four distinct approaches namely 1) chemical, 2) physical, 3) psychological, and 4) surgical treatments are utilized. There are so many different kinds of traditional medicine, hidden popular folk medicine, and various less recognized techniques and theories of healing arts. Some are originated in oriental culture while others are originated in western culture. experts of western medicine claim that only those informations clarified or proven by the objective and scientific methodology can be recognized as a part of western (conventional) medicine. All other medical cares and health care modalities are collectively labelled as "alternative medicine or complementary medicine". In United States and other European countries the alternative medicine include oriental medicine, but in far eastern region particulary in Korea, taking the dual licensing system, the oriental medicine is not included in alternative medicine. According to most recent discussions regarding the definition of health by WHO is that "total halth should include physical, mental, psych-social, and spiritual wellbeing". Alternative medicine provides wider range of methodology to handle this new concept of toalhalth. The oriental medicine and alternative medicine share a common characteristics in that they adopt humanistic approach for the care of a whole person, that is "heal a person " and not merely " cure and organic disease". The mind consists of emotion, knowing, consciousness, intuition, and soul factor, whereas the body consists of form, strength, energy field, vital force, and genetic factor.When all these ten mind-body factors are in harmony and balance to each other, the healing mechanism is activated to its maximal level. Accordingly total health can be achieved only when they are in full harmony.

P.266

[Invited Special Lecture 2 : Dr.MIKIO Yamamoto]

Status of Studies with Physical and Physiological measurements in Japan

Abstract:It is mainly in Japan that recent studies in "Mind-Body Science" and "Human Potential Science" are making physical and physiological measurements. Results are presented at the "Life Information Science Symposium" held twice a year by the International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS) the head of-fice of which is in the author's NIRS laboratory and also results appear in the Journal of International Soci-ety of Life Information Science (Journal of ISLIS). Many data from EEG, PET, fMRI and various devices are being collected and reported. The author's group members have studied qigong states using a recently de-veloped device, Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS) by which 24 point data of hemoglobin density of the brain can be given.

Keywords: International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS), Journal of International Society of Life Information Science, publication of a book, human potential science, mind body, parapsychol-ogy, qigong, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)

P.268

[Invited Special Lecture 3 : Dr.KAZUHIKO ATSUMI]

Bridging from Conventional Medicine to Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM) through Bio-Medical Engineering

Abstract: Integrative medicine integrating conventional medicine (modern western medicine, MWM) with CAM is considered as the ideal medicine in the 21st century. The MWM is based on science, however CAM is based on experience which need scientific evidence. In order to certify the evidence of the effects and safety on CAM, bridging from MWM to CAM by the scientific methodology �\biomedical engineering�\ is necessary. By the approach of biomedical engineering using thermography, laser, EEG, pulse diagnosis, the effects of CAM such as acupuncture, massage, meditation etc. were studied.

Keywords: Integrative medical care, alternative, complementary & traditional (ACTM), modern Western medicine

P.269

Physiological Evoluation of External Qigong Masters for Qigong Treatments

Yoshio MACHI and Chao LIU

Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University,

Human Body Science Lab.( Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: Scientific study of Qigong is thriving in Japan, the USA and Europe. We believe that the recognition of Qigong as a medicinal field complementary to Western medicine has grown, particularly in the US. Here we would like to report on external Qigong, using physiological measurements, as an approach to understanding the essence of Qi in medical treatment. We would like to consider the questions "When a Qigong Master treats patients using external Qigong, what far infrared rays are emitted from his fingertips?" and "What are the low frequency vibration phenomenon emitted from the fingertips in external Qigong?" We were able to detect electrical energy of a low frequency vibration from the fingers from GSR data. We saw that though there was a weak vibration in internal Qigong, the vibration was stronger in external Qigong. The electrical-type of power emitted in external Qigong was not at a set rate, but rather a momentary emission. This conformed to the change in pulse and R-point voltage in external Qigong. By researching this power we believe that it is possible to measure the level of a Qi Master's external Qi.

Keywords: External Qigong, Internal Qigong, Heart Rate, R point voltage of ECG, GSR, Abdominal Respiration

P.287

Qi as Biophotonic Information Flux of DNA in the Bonghan System

Kwang-Sup Soh
Biomedical Physics Lab., School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea

Abstract:We Propose Qi-flow as the flow of life-information of DNA and quantum-information of coherent biophoton through the acupuncture meridians. This model requires the physical reality of the meridians through which granules of DNA should have life-information, and should emit biophoton coherently. Such a physical structure with flowing granule of DNA was found in 1960's by Bonghan Kim.
The anatomical structure of acpuncture meridians was a new circulatory system that is completely different from the nervous system, lympatic channels, and blood vascular system. The physiological function is related with development , and cell-therapy by the granules of DNA. That is the granule of DNA is, in modern terms, a universal toti-potent adult stem-cell. onghan theory has been forgotten until recently when intravascular Bonghan system was rediscovered. The life-information of DNA-granule is more than genetic coding: It includes information that enables to repair and regenerate cells in damaged tissues. Furthermore DNA emits biophotons that are quantum coherent, and the quantum nature of biophotons from DNA emits biophotons that are quantum coherent, and the quantum nature of biophotons from DNA enables the quantum communication through the Bonghan system.

Keywords: Qi, DNA, Biophoton, Bonghan System, Bonghan Granule (san Al), Biophotonic Information

P.294

Quantitative Experiments on Remote Action Toh-ate

Hideyuki KOKUBO_1,2, Hideo Yoichi_1,2 & Mikio YAMAMOTO_2,1

1.International Research Institute (Chiba, Japan)

2.Yamamoto Bio-Emission Laboratory, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)

Abstract: The present experiments focus on the skills involved in the traditional Japanese martial art called "toh-ate". Toh-ate is a non-contact attack by one person against another when the two are separated by some distance. For the experiments, 6 pairs of veteran practitioners of martial arts participated. Three pairs were practitioners of Japanese martial arts and the other pairs were practitioners of Chinese qigong. As control, 6 pairs (non-trainees) participated; these persons had no martial arts training. Two subjects of a pair were put in separate rooms with communicational deprivation and the experimenters measured physiological changes of one of the two, acting as a Receiver, when the other, acting as a Sender, attempted to make a remote attack on the Receiver at a distance. The Receiver was seated in a Farady cage and the Sender performed only one "sending" motion per 80-second trial on double blinded and randomized conditions. When the Sender or Receiver pushed a switch as the event marker, output signals were produced. The signals were recorded as the sending time or the response time, along with physiological data, by recorders. No anomalous changes of average gradient of skin temperature of the Receiver's palm were observed around the sending time. Totally 797 data were available for analyses of time coincidence between motions of the Sender and Receiver. There was no significant coincidence between any of the data. However, two pairs of Chinese qigong practitioners showed 5% significance peaks at +11 sec. If these delay peaks were caused by toh-ate, their sending performances were longer than several seconds.

Keywords: DMILS, bio-PK, martial arts, qigong

P.302

Anticancer Effect of Alkaline Reduced Water

Kyu-Jae LEE_1,2, Seung-Kyu PARK_1,2, Jae-Won KIM₁, Gwang-Yong KIM₁
Young-Suk RYANG₅, Geun-Ha KIM₁, Hyun-Cheol CHO₃, Soo-Kie KIM_2,3, and Hyun-Won KIM_2,4
1.Dept. of Parasitology, 2. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 3.Dept. of Microbiology,
4.Dept. of Biochemistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University (Wonju, Korea)
5.Dept. of biomedical Laboratory Science and Institute of health Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei Univ. (Wonju, Korea)

Abstract:Certain minerals can produce alkaline reduced water with high pH and low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) when dissolved in water. Alkaline recuded water (ARW) showed significant anticancer effect. When B16 melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously and intra-peritoneatlly, C56BL/6 mice fed with ARW showed tumor growth delay abd the survival span was significantly lengthened. ARW also showed the inhibition of metastasis by reducing the numbers of B16 melanoma colonies when injected through tail veinn.
The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was very reduced when fed with ARW except for spleen, which is a major organ for immunity. Even for normal mice, ARW invoked systemic cytokines, such as, Th1 (1FN-, Il-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5), suggesting strong immuno-modulation effect. Both ROS scavenging effect and immuno-modulation effect might be responsible for anticancer effect of alkaline reduced water.

Keywords:alkaline reduced water, anticancer effect, antioxidant, immuno-modulation

P.306

Side Effect of Reduction in Homodialysis Patient with External Qigong

Toshio SATO₁, Norimichi KAWASHIMA₁ and Tetsuzo AGISHI₂

1.Faculty of Engineering, Toin University of yokohama (Yokohama, Japan)

2.Blood Purification Center, Itabashi Chuo General Hospital (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: We studied the application of external Qigong as an example of CAM to relieve the side effects in hemodialysis patients. In order to scientifically verify the effect of Qigong therapy, tcPO2 and tcPCO2, deep body temperature, blood flow of peripheral circulation, and body surface temperatures were measured. Qigong treatment was found to cause the parasympathetic nerve to acquire superiority, probably thereby improving the peripheral circulation through the expansion of the peripheral blood vessel. Electroencephalogram measurements during the external Qigong treatment led to the elucidation that alpha wave takes a relatively strong relaxed state under the treatment.

Keywords:hemodialysis patient, side effect reduction, external Qigong, Electroencephalogram, tcPO2, tcPCO2, deeply body temparature, blood flow peripheral circulation

P.314

Effects of Qi-therapy (External Qigong ) on Autonomic Nervous System : A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Trial

Myeong Soo LEE₁, Hye-Sook JANG₂, Sum-Rock MOON₁
1.Center for Integrative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Wonkwang University (Iksan , Korea)
2.Dpartment of Nursing, Wonkwang Health Science College (Iksan, Korea)

Abstract: External Qi-therapy is a process by which vital energy (Qi) is transmitted from a Qi-master to another person for the purpose of preventing and curing disease, as well as protecting and improving health through regulation of mind and body. Some believe that Qi-therapy is effective because it not only reduces sympathetic activity, but also enhances parasympathetic activity. Hence, the autonomic nervous function has been a subject of interest in the physiological studies of Qi-training. Forty normal healthy subject were recruited and randomly assigned into intervention and placebo control group. The power spectrum of heart rate was examined pre and post-interventions. It was found that Qi-therapy increase the high frequency power (HF) and decreases the low frequency power (LF)and LF/HF ratio of heart rate of variability. These results support the hypothesis that Qi-therapy increase cardiac parasympathetic tone. Our study reveals that Qi-therapy in healthy young subjects increases the HF power and decreases the LF/HF ratio of HRV. These results support that Qi-therapy increases the cardiac parasympathetic tone in healthy young subjects compare to placebo control. The augmented HRV in Qi-therapy group provides further support for Qi-therapy as a possible nonpharmacological cardio-protective maneuver.

Keywords: Qigong, heart rate variability, sympathovagal balance, autonomic nervous system

P.317

Remote Qi Emission in the Case of Differing Distances

Yoshitsugu HAYASHI₁, Yuzo HIGUCHI₂ and Xiang Yong ZHANG₃
1.Musashino Treatment Center (Saitama, Japan)
2.Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo, Japan)
3.Qigong Master Training School (Tokyo Japan)

Abstract: With the help of a famous Chinese qigong master, Xiang Yong Zhang, video recording were made for the interactions between a sender and a receiver at three different distances remote qi emission. In the first case, the sender, Mr. Zhang, remotely emitted qi from a park in Shenyang City, China for 30 minutes to a receiver located in a hotel room in the same city approximately 8 km away. In the second case, Mr. Zhang conducted the remote qi emission from a qigong master training school in Tokyo to the receiver located 1200 km away in a hotel room in Miyazaki City. In the third case, Mr. Zhang was in the Koishikawa Garden and transmitted qi to the receiver at the Tokyo qigong master training school, 5 km away. Although there was a delay in the interactions between the sender and the receiver, the receiver exhibited movements that were much more than simple body movements, such as turning over, suggesting the occurrence of some form of information transmission. There was no difference in the response to remote qi emission at different distances.

Keywords:Remote Qi emission, video recording

P.323

The Practice of Six-sound Qigong and an Evaluation

Chao LIU, Masahiro SUZUKI and Yoshio MACHI
Human Body Science Lab. Electronic Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: The six-sound qigong exercise is a traditional Chinese qigong exercise for self-care therapy and treatment. The six-sound qigong was developed by Dr. Litang Ma (1903-1989) who was well-known in the fields of Chinese traditional medicine, Wu Shu and qigong. The basic method of six-sound qigong uses body action, especially the six utterances, combined with concentration of the mind. Here we show physiological results of blood flow and BPM from different levels of practitioners, and we evaluate six-sound qigong effects for the body, especially the heart. We want to incorporate these findings into a plan for optimal training of practitioners.

Keywords: Six-sound, Qigong, Blood Flow, Self care, Offer virtue, Cultivate mind

P.333

Concept of Ki According to the Korean scripture, Sam Il Shin Go

Gun-Woong Bahng
Div. of Materials Evaluation and Chemical Metrology
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (Daejeon, Korea)

Abstract : One of the three old Korean scriptures, Sam Il Shin Go, contains well defined concept of Ki. Sam Il Shin Go means the teachings of God on Three and One. Its origin goes back to more than thousands of years. This scripture describes on the nature and origins of human beings and all other materials. According to this scripture, there are two kinds of Ki, i.e., One K, and Ki. The self-organization of One Ki results in a dynamic state of the interaction of three elements, Mind, Ki, Body. In this paper, the difference in concept and properties between One Ki and Ki has been discussed including the nature of the self-organization of One Ki.

Keywords : Ki, One Ki, Sam Il Shin Go.

P.336

Holistic meridians : Alternative theraphy for skin care

Nam Hoon Ahn
1.Holistic Meridian Research Institute., Seoul, Korea

Abstract: Holistic Medicine is a system of health care that fosters a cooperative relationship among all those involved, leading towards optimal attainment of the physical, mental emotional, social and spiritual aspects of health. Holistic meridians is the process to use control of meridians system and various factors to have a influence on physiology system that our body is restored to normal condition from condition of disharmony of the energy.

Keywords: Holistic meridians, Esthetics disordered, Gi, corpulent, alternative therapy

P.338

A Simple management method through "Organ massage innner beauty "

Yeo Myeong Lee₁, Bong-Gi Choi₂, and Hee-Chang Ryoo₂
1.Korea Healing Tao, Dongwon BLDG..Rm 202, 119-1, Waryong-Dong, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea
2. Skin Care R&D Center of Skin Science and Cosmetics ENPRANI CO.,LTD

Abstract: Introduce principle of the organ massage that is the core of alternative medicine and the effect, and pimple administration law, and real application result of the organ massage is introduced. A skin is a mirror of organ inner body, and a face is a signal lamp reflecting in a health condition. By the way, if we does not take care of skin trouble source and are going to overuse cometics and depends on medication and a surgical operation and remove only an external symptom of a skin , we can get exorbitant side effects called "skin functional loss". We can get beauty of natural skin as well as health by throw-in if we receive signal with modesty that skin talks about my body and solves methodically from the cause. when problem of skin occurred, we must remove a toxin of organ and take balance of it so, capability to be able to cure trouble by skin itself is important first of all. The majority of a skin disease to happen to a face is due to "heat". A pimple is the cause that excessive heat is direct. Therefore, pimple is called "Heat flower". It is just a pimple that excessive heat of the body rises with a face. I wish to introduce principle and method that fall facial excessive fever by massaging each viscera directly according to pimple form through Organ massage skin care program and to rule over a pimple from the inside.

Keywords: Organ massage, pimple, abdominal state, Skin care, excessive fever, removal a toxin of organ

P.340

A course to be the beauty; Ayurveda

Yong-Joo Lee₁, Jung-Suk Kim₁, Hyung-Kyo Kim₂, and Hee-Chang Ryoo₂
1. Korea Ayurveda Research Center., Seoul, Korea
2. Skin Care R&D Center of Skin Science and Cosmetics ENPRANI CO.,LTD

Abstract: Ayurveda is a wholistic system of healing which evolved in ancient India some 3000 - 5000 years ago. According to Ayurveda everything in the universe, including human beings, is composed of the Panchamahabhutas (five elements). And, the three main energies : Tridoshas form human body. It teaches us to balance tridoshas in order to achieve optimum health and well being. Ayurvedic medicine based on metabolic body type (dosha) theory. Ayurveda is staged for convert modern medicine and various researches tried to combine current medicine with Ayurveda.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Tridosha, Vata, Pitta, Kapha, Pancha Karma

P.344

Biophoton Emission and Blood Flow in the Human Hand

Joon-Mo Yang, Changhoon Lee, Seung-Ho Yi, Jung-Soo Yang, Kwang-Sup Soh
School of Physics, Seoul National Univ. (Seoul, Korea)

Abstract: We studied the relation between the biophoton emission rates and blood flow in the human hand using highly sensitive PMTs. Biophotons from the left and right palms of a human were simultaneously measured while pressure was applied on the left upper arm. The pressure applied by a tourniquet ranged from under-diastolic pressure to over-systolic pressure. The biophoton emission rate from the left palm decreased as the pressure on the arm increased. Beyond a certain pressure, no considerable change was observed. While applying pressure, a decrease in the temperature of the left palm was detected. However, the correlation between the change in temperature and biophoton emission was not strong. Biophoton measurements can be utilized to study the function of the human cardiovascular system with relative ease.

Keywords: biophoton, cuff, palm, blood flow, ROS, temperature

P.349

Influences of Irradiation by Interference DC Opposed-fields on Electrodermal Activities

Takashi Aoki₁,Yoshinori ADACHI₂, Yasuo YOSHIFUKU₁ and KatsushiYOSHIDA₃
1.College of Engineering, Chubu University (Aichi, Japan)
2.College of Business Administration and Information Science, Chubu University (Aichi, Japan)
3.Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Chubu University (Aichi, Japan)

Abstract:Most of the magnetic fields produced by nerve excitement currents in a living body are nullified by interference. One of us pointed out the significance of investigating biomedical influences of interference nullified fields (in other words, interference opposed-fields) in the research field of qigong mechanism, and reported the experimental fact that an AC interference opposed-field produced by a coil has significant biomedical influences. However, biomedical influences by DC interference opposed-fields have not been investigated yet. In the present experiment, influences were examined for the opposed-fields of DC magnetic fields and DC vector potential fields produced by a non-induction coil on electrodermal activities of the human body. Skin electroconductivity was measured before and after irradiating the chest for 4 minutes by the DC interference opposed-fields. The conductivity decreased significantly (p�ƒ0.01, n=6). This suggested that the interference opposed-fields had biomedical influences, and that the fields actually existed in the physical world, although they are nullified mathematically. The possibility was suggested that the interference opposed-fields produced by currents flowing in a living body such as a qigong healer would have biomedical influences on other bodies, without touching or invading them.

Keywords: electromagnetic interference, interference nullified-field, interference opposed-field, biological influence, electrodermal activities, skin conductivity

P.362

Biophoton emissionfrom patients with a cold

Changhoon LEE₁, Joon-Mo YANG₁, Seung-Ho YI₁, Hyun-Joo CHO₂,
Myoung-Ja KANG₂, Jong-Soo YANG₁ and Kwang-Sup SOH₁
1.School of Physics, Seoul National Univ. (Seoul, Korea)
2.Conmaul Oriental Hospital (Seoul, Korea)

Abstract:We measured biophotons from the palm and dorsum of left and right hands of ten cold patients. The quantity of biophotons was not balanced and the overall trend changed according to the symptom of the patients. After they had recovered from their cold, the biophoton emission rates were also balanced. This suggests that the state of a patient can be monitored more accurately based on biophoton measurement.

Keywords: biophoton, cold, human hand, diagnosis, Yin, Yang, imbalance

P.366

Consciousness and Recognition of Five Colors-Using Functional-MRI and Brain Wave Measurements

Yoshihiro UEDA, Kouei HAYASHI, Kyoichi KUROIWA
Naoki MIYOSHI, Hitoshi KASHIBA and Daisuke TAKEDA
Dept.of Physiology, Kansai College of Oriental Medicine ( Osaka, Japan )

Abstract: The colors of the five-element color table in Oriental medicine were the starting point for this study. There are psychological reports in which a surrounding color is shown to be able to affect a person's mental condition, and a report in which a color is shown to be able to be distinguished by a blindfolded person using his hands or forehead for sensing. Considering these phenomena, we examined how the differences of color would relate to the consciousness and recognition process of a color. Information on electromagnetic waves (light) received in the retina is perceived in the first sensory receptive field of the occipital lobe while distinguishing each color (color degree) by its brightness. After this, the information is processed in the 18th and 19th fields of the occipital lobe for secondary sensing, and recognition is made from each particular color's information. These fields are considered to be where visual information has been formed as the person developed and grew, and based on the information developed and memorized through interactions with the surrounding environment and the person's lifestyle during the growth process, a color is recognized. Color recognition is considered to appear as a relationship to a color which is peculiar to a race.

Keywords: Five Colors in the Five-element Theory, Consciousness, Recognition, f-MRI,EEG

P.372

Examination of Abdomen Surface Skin Temeperature with Static Magnetic Field body heat analysis by IR photograph

Taihoe KOO_1,2, Mignon PARK₂, Hanseo KOO₁
1. Hanseo Center for Biomagnetic Studies (Seoul, Korea)
2. Intelligent Control System Lab, The Graduate School of Yonsei University (Seoul, Korea)

Abstract:The purpose of this study was measuring abdomen surface skin temperature difference by generating MFs basing on Hanseo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy (HMMT). In order to measure temperature differences, thermography has been used. 32 participants (2 male and 30 females) were involved in this experiment. Body temperature of each participant was checked by thermogrphy before and after having a sleep and taking HMMT. The upper part of the body was divided into 9 areas and mean score of body temperature over each part was analyzed by Paired T-test. In results, after taking HMMT, a significant temperature difference appeared (p<0.01) compare to having a sleep over 9 parts (navel and right and left sides of anterior chest, the upper abdomen, the middle abdomen and the lower abdomen). 11 out of 32 participants' abdomen surface skin temperature rose by 1.0 deg after taking HMMT. Moreover, a more significant finding is that, after taking HMMT, 4 out of the 11 participants' abdomen temperature climbed by 2.0 deg.

Keywords: Hanseo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy, Thermography, surface skin temperature, sleep.

P.378

Changes in EEGs and Other Physiological Indicators while Listening to Healing Music

Kimiko KAWANO
Center for Informatics and Sciences, Nippon Medical School (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: Subjects' EEGs were measured with other physiological indicators, such as respiration, pulse and SpO2, while listening to a kind of healing music, having its origin in nature. This music is said to have special therapeutic effects in its sound and utterance. Two males and two females aged from their 30's to 50's participated in this study. They had regularly joined in group healing sessions. During the present experimental session, subjects lay down and listened to music recorded on CDs for one hour and a half. EEGs during the session showed characteristics of the non-REM state. These occurred from the first to sometimes the third sleep stage and many sleep spindles were observed. At the same time REM-like stages were also observed and some dreams were reported. Furthermore the awake stages were mingled. Although the heart rate and the EEG frequency decreased during the session, the respira-tion rate was comparatively fast. The physiological state during the session was considered to be com-plex. Further analyses of the neuron activities of the brain inside and of fast components of the EEGs are required.

Keywords: EEG, alpha-wave, shieta-wave, sleep spindle, healing music

P.383

Scientific Spiritual Healing

JER MASTER CSB
Board of Lectureship, The First Church of Christ, Scientist, Boston, MA 021115, U.S.A

Summary of the presentation:Spiritual healing is a subject that is much discussed today. Many things go under that heading. The subject of this paper is spiritual healing that is scientific. It is based on the ideas presented in the book Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy. All the physical methods of healing begin with the premise that man, that is the generic term man, meaning all men, women children, are physical, material in their existence. The remedies used are also physical, or chemical or surgical. The method described in this book begins with the spiritual truth that God is the only creator. Because God is Spirit, His entire creation, including man, is spiritual, having no physical component. Hence the remedy for any ailment is not physical, but mental, spiritual. God is entirely good, the only Creator, the Father and Mother of us all. God is Love. He loves all His children, does not afflict anyone. Passages in the book will be shown where these facts are stated, and can be proved. This is not a mere human theory or philosophy. Healings that have happened to individuals will be described, mentioning how it was accomplished in each instance. Migraine headaches that had plagued the sufferer for 2 or more years, was cured in minutes by reading the first chapter of the book. It was not only a physical experience but a deeply moving spiritual experience. Mary Baker Eddy who is the author of the book was an American woman who lived in the nineteenth century. She had been ill most of her early life, till her mid-forties. The healing she received from reading the Scriptures started her on a spiritual journey, where she realized there was a science of spiritual healing. She was able to heal others and teach others how to do the same work. The healing ability came from the power of God, not from a person. It can be utilized by anyone willing to read the book and practice its rules. A healing of influenza will be described, showing step by step how the cure came about. It will bring out the rules that were followed, and how acting upon these rules, not merely accepting them theoretically, brought about the cure. Almost everyone is afraid of pain, especially pain that restricts movement, or interferes with one's normal activity. An individual who was affected in this way, received a full release from the pain in a very few days. The cure entailed not only physical relief, but also a change in the person's thinking that made his work more harmonious. It encouraged him to embark on a continuous spiritual study, which helps him in all aspects of his life. Scientific healing can be helpful in solving financial and business problems as well. Sometimes a physical problem may be a result of stress involving business. An example of how someone was able to overcome both these difficulties is described. In each of these instances, the individual's thought was lifted above the physical, to the spiritual level. It is possible for everyone to achieve this.

Keywords: spiritual healing, God, scientific healing method

P.385

Effects of Han-Seo Meridian Magnetic Therapy on Biophoton Emission

Sang-Hyun Park₁, Tai-Hoe Koo_2,, Dong Hoon Kim₃, Joon-Mo Yang₁,
Seung-Ho Yi₁, Jong-Soo Yang₁, Han-Seo Koo₂, Sung Muk Lee₃, and Kwang-Sup Soh₁
1.Biomedical Physics Lab., School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
2.Han-Seo Center for Bio-Magnetic Meridian Research, Seoul, Korea
3.Department of Physics Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

Abstract: We measured biophoton emission from palms and backs of hands before and after one-hour magnetic treatment on acupuncture points according to Han-Seo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy (HMMT). We found that biophoton emission rates changed significantly for some subjects. There were exceptional cases especially for a certain patients, but its diagnostic significance should be further studied. The physiological effects of magnetic stimulation on acupuncture points can be objectively evaluated by the measurement of biophoton emission rates.

Keywords: magnetic therapy, acupuncture, meridian, biophoton, Han-Seo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy

P.389

Pharmaco-acupuncture Medical Practice

Yong-Mo Ahn
Dr Ahn's Institue of Laboratory Medicine

Abstract: The practice of the Pharmacoacupuncture comprising two major basic philosophies of oriental medicine, herb medicine and meridian theories, is being performed using the injecting devices based on the basic pharmacologic principles of modern western medicine. So the Pharmacoacupuncture can be called a harmonization of oriental and modern western medicine, and a stepping stone for Future Integrated Medicine. The Pharmacoacupuncture attempts to cure a disease or help correct physical constitution by adopting 'triple heater regulation' method. The value of the Pharmacoacupuncture as a means of conquering chronic degenerative diseases is to be discussed through case analysis.

Keywords: meridian, herb medicine, pharmaco-acupancture, triple heater

P.392

The Meaning of yoga "recombination" - A discussion of immunological change in yogic practice

Tsutomu KAMEI_1,2, Kohji MURATA_1,2, Nobutaka SUZUKI₂ and Keishin KIMURA₃

1.Shimane Institute of Health Science (Izumo, Japan)
2.Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science (Kanazawa, Japan)
3.Japan Yoga Niketan (Yonago, Japan)

Abstract: Yoga, which means "recombination" in Sanskrit, has been recently confirmed to have various physiological effects. We examined changes of electroencephalographs (EEGs) and cellular immunity before, during, and after yoga exercises, in an endeavor to detect any correlation between them. During the pranayama period, we observed a positive correlation between the change in abundance of activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in NK activity. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the change in abundance of the activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in the number of T lymphocytes. These findings suggest that yoga creates a stress-free and mentally concentrative state which activates the functions of NK cells and T lymphocytes within a short period of time. However a negative correlation was observed between the change in the abundance of the activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in the number of B lymphocytes during the pranayama period. We conclude from these results that yogic practice may be able to help recover a person's mental and physical harmony in our stress-laiden modern society. The original meaning of yoga, "recombination", is considered to express some "re-activation" of a latent ability of harmonization which humans naturally possess.

Keywords: yoga, EEG, alpha wave, NK activity, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, cellular immunity, harmony

P.399 Establishment of criteria for Heart Disease with survey study in Oriental Medicine

Sun Mi Choi, Yeon Hee Ryu, Jin Suk Moon, Joung Yeol Kim, Kyung Mo Park₁,
Ee Hwa Kim, Chan Gil Jeung₂, Hyun Jea Sung₂, Yoo sik Yoon, Kyoo Seok Ahn₃
Medical Research & Development Team, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine,
1 : Department of biomedical Engineering, Kyunghee University,
2 : College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University,
3 : Kyunghee University Oriental Medical College, Pathology Laboratory

Abstract: This study was to determine the standard of criteria for differential diagnosis of signs and symptoms. It was selected signs and symptoms related to heart which stands for Fire as a kind of five phase. Eleven experts was asked to evaluate the adequateness of criteria which was developed by Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine(KIOM) and to suggest the amendment of them. To implement the study, we used the questionnaire which asks about the diagnosis criteria for an insufficiency of the heart-qi, deficiency of the heart blood, deficiency of the heart-yin, insufficiency of the heart-yang, exuberant fire due to hyperactivity of the heart, stagnation of the heart blood, heart disturbed by phlegm-fire, attack of the heart by retainedfluid. Every criteria consists of primary symptoms, secondary symptoms, tongue findings, and pulse findings. In perspectives of the classification of patterns for signs and symptoms and criteria for diagnosis, the result shows that the previous standard doesn't have so many problem. So many of experts were agree with the criteria which was suggested but the trend is that they use, in their actual practice, less than the criteria. Additionally, they pointed that every element in a criterion should have the different weight value, criteria for the overlapped pattern should be added, and, in future, criteria which are based on clinical investigation should be established

Keywords : Oriental Medicine, Differential Diagnosis, Criteria, Signs and Symptoms, Heart Disease

P.405

The Experimental Study on the Effects of Pause Breathing Patterns on Heart Rate Variability

Yijun SUN₁, Tianjun LIU₁, Yoshio MACHI₂ and Chao LIU₂
1.Acupuncture College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Beijing, China)
2.Department of Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Denki University (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: In order to observe the effect of Pause Breathing (PB) patterns on Autonomic Nervous and determine the Yin and Yang modulating mechanism of PB, two different PB patterns: Inhaling-Exhaling-Pause (I-E-P), Inhaling-Pause-Exhaling (I-P-E) with two different respiratory frequencies: 16 breaths/min and 5 breaths/min were observed on 10 healthy adults. We used R-R interval spectral analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to determine the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) activities. We found (1) I-E-P and I-P-E at 16 breaths/min didn't exert significant influence on autonomic nervous systems, (2) Both I-E-P and I-P-E at 5 breaths/min increased sympathetic activity, on basis of which, I-E-P which could enhance exhaling, also increased parasympathetic activity, and I-P-E which could enhanced inhaling, induced more increased sympathetic activity. From the view of Chinese Medical theory, the former breathing had the action of strengthening Yang, while the latter reducing Heat and enhancing Yin. (3) There were physiological after-effects after the respiratory regulation.

Keywords: Qigong, respiration, heart rate variability, spectral analysis, autonomic nervous systems, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system

P.412

Planck's Constant " h " and " Qi " in the Uncertainty Principle

Yong-Jong KimJapanese Association for Comparative Philosophy(Tokyo,Japane)
The Star Club of Nagoya University(Nagoya, Japan)

Abstract : The word ch'i literally means 'gas' or 'ether', and was used in ancient China to denote the vital breath or energy animating the cosmos.^‚P�j It is said that "The 'life force' was simply the electric force."^‚Q�jeven in the present science. In the dawn of the 20th century, Planck discovered quantum of action an element " h " and then Freud, too, "unconsciousness" by dream interpretation. In 1924, the German psychiatrist Hans Berger discovered that the human brain generates electrical impulses that fluctuate rhythmically. In succession, the Uncertainty Principle was established by Werner Heisenberg. In 1955, Tomio Hirai clarified the specific shita-waves that vibrate during Zen meditation, and at the beginning of the 1970's, Magnetoencephalograph(MEG) was developed in America, so in 1995, Kazuo Sasaki found out shieta-waves by utilizing it.^‚R�j Since the end of 1970's, the scientific research for the Qigong was started in China. Under the influence of the information, the scientific measurement of the Qigong has been carried out also in Japan. We understood " Qi" what has low frequency undulation by the measurement. I suggested " EEGs are electromagnetic radiation.^‚S�j" Here I describe the "Qi" using Planck's constant "h" that is the core of the quantum theory.

Keywords: Planck's constant, Uncertainty Principle, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Electric force, Weak force

P.416

A new method of measuring capacitances of foods and bodies by using a dip meter

Shoji SUZUKI₁, Yoshinori ADACHI₂�CTohru NAKANO₁ and Kazuhide UESUGI₃
1.Suzuka National College of Technology(Mie Japan)
2.College of Business Administration and Information Science, Chubu University (Aichi Japan)
3.Kumamoto National College of Technology(Kumamoto Japan)

Abstract: We proposed a new capacitance measuring system which has the following features: 1) low operating frequency without any effect on measurement objects; 2) highly precise measurement capability without using a large current; 3) a simple sturdy structure in which the electrodes are shielded by insulator and there is no connection between the measuring device and objective LC resonant circuit; and 4) reliability confirmed by the long operating history of a key component, the dipmeter. From many experimental results, we confirmed that this equipment is quite suitable for highly precise capacitance measurements.

Keywords: capacitance, human body, dipmeter, high-precision, LC circuit, permittivity

P.424

Protective effect of Ginseng Radix on the interference of cell proliferation induced by maternal separation in the dentate gyrus of rat pups

Hyun-Mi KIM₁, Myung-Gyou KIM₂, Hee-Jae LEE₃,
Joo-Ho CHUNG₃, Ee-Hwa KIM₂, Kang-Hyun LEEM₂ and Hoon JEON₄
1. Department of Pharmaceutical Lab., Central Research Institute, Ilyang Pharm Co.,
2. College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University,
3. Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University,
4. College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University

Abstract: Ginseng Radix (GR) is the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae). GR has been used for palpitations with anxiety, insomnia, forgetfulness, and restlessness from Deficient Qi and Blood. Maternal separation (MS) in early life is very stressful for the neonate. It causes perturbation of neuroendocrine and physiological conditions, and increases vulnerability for psychiatric diseases and neuronal degeneration. In order to investigate the protective effects of GR on the interference of cell proliferation induced by MS in the dentate gyrus (DG), we administered it to rat pups with MS. Rat pups (outbred SD strain) were separated from their mothers on postnatal day 14 and treated with GR (100 mg/kg) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg) for 7 days, after which BrdU-specific immunohistochemistry was carried out. In the separation group, the number of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was significantly decreased than in control (p < 0.05). In contrast, in the ginseng-treated group with MS, the number of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was significantly increased than in the separation group, as expected (p < 0.05). These results indicate that GR protects the interference of cell proliferation induced by MS, and we suggest that GR may be useful in the treatment of the diseases associated with MS.

keyword: Ginseng Radix, dentate gyrus, hippocampus, maternal separation, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine, BrdU

P.431

A Study on Consciousness and Life Energy Based on Quantum Theory and Holographic Principle

Takeo OKU
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University (Osaka, Japan)

Abstract: The purpose of the present work was to investigate a mechanism of consciousness and life energy from the viewpoint of quantum theory and holographic principle. The mechanism of consciousness and life energy for human beings is considered to have macroscopic quantum condensation-like characteristics. A model with consciousness / life energy is proposed based on minute waves with high frequency expressed as . It is believed that the would bring characteristics of Boson-like behavior such as quantum entanglement, Bose-Einstein condensation and tunneling photons. The also might correspond to dark energy that is unknown for advanced cosmology and is deeply related to the cosmological constant in Einstein's equation. Since the spacetime of the universe has four dimensions, all information is recorded on a three-dimensional boundary from a holographic principle. All the coded information of bits is believed to correspond to , and an information-transformation model of 'consciousness �¨ life energy �¨ matter' was proposed.

Keywords: consciousness, life energy, quantum theory, cosmology, holographic principl e-Einstein condensation, quantum entanglement, quantum brain dynamics, tunneling photon

P.445

Delayed luminescence imaging system and its application

Cha nghoon LEE, Joon-Mo YANG, Sang-Heun Park,
Seung-Ho YI, Jong-Soo YANG and Kwang-Sup SOH
School of Physics, Seoul National Univ. (Seoul, Korea)

Abstract: We developed a delayed luminescence (DL) imaging system by employing a fast EMCCD camera. Light from a metal halide lamp can be exposed to specimens in a dark chamber through an optical fiber in the system. Three synchronized mechanical shutters were installed to prevent any direct light or fluorescence of other materials except the specimen from entering the CCD camera. For an application, the delayed luminescence from leaves of Euonymus japonica was imaged as a function of light illumination time. Our study might be applied to study the nature of living organisms in addition to plant physiology on the aspects of biophoton.

Keywords: biophoton, delayed luminescence, Euonymus japonica, leaf, EMCCD

P.450

Beneficial Effects of the Nishino Breathing Method on the microcirculatory response, the immune activity and the stress revel

Yukio TANAKA₁, Hiroko KIMURA₂, Ako SHIMABUKURO₃, Shuji ABE₃, and Tokuro N0OBECHI₄
1.Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
2.Juntendo University School of Medicine
3.Tokyo Fuchu Hospital
4.Former director, St. Luke's International Hospital

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the Nishino Breathing Method (NBM) on the microcirculatory response, the immune activity and the stress level. The NBM consists of two fundamental parts: Sokushin kokyu and Tai-ki. The microcirculatory responses were measured by differential digital photoplethysmography (ΔDPG) during positional and image loading. The increase in the HR for Tai-ki was significantly higher for experts of NBM than for beginners (p<0.01). The NK cell activity in 17 of 21 subjects increased and the average of NK cell activities of all subjects increased after the practice (p<0.05). Their stress level was significantly reduced after the practice (p<0.01). During relaxation imaging, an increase in the ΔDPG-P wave height was observed for the NBM instructors. These results demonstrated that the Nishino Breathing Method is able to enhance the arteriolar function, the immunoregulatory system and reduce the stress. The method will help improve the health of its practitioners with continued use.

Keywords:Ki-energy, Nishino Breathing Method, Arteriolar function, NK cell activity, Stress

P.455

Bonghan Ducts on the Surface of RAT Internal Organs

Byung-Cheon Lee₁, Eun-sung Park₂, Tae Jeong Nam₁, Hyeon-Min Johng₁,
Ku Youn Baik₁, Baeckkyoung Sung₁, Yeo-Sung Yoon₂, Kwang-Sup Soh₁₊
1. Biomedical Physics Lab., School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
2.Department of Veterinary Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea

Abstract: We developed a novel method to observe the released threadlike structure spread on rat internal organs. The technique we used is to spray hematoxylin on internal organs to stain nuclei of the threadlike structure. We scrutinized the surface of internal organs under stereomicroscope to find the novel structure. Confocal microscope images revealed the distinctive characteristic pattern of nuclei distribution that was consistent with the Bonghan's circulatory network.

Keywords: Acupuncture meridian, Bonghan duct, San Al, Hematoxylin, Organ Surface Bonghan duct, RAT

P.460

Unique Duct System and the Corpulscle-Like Structures Found on the Surface of the Liver

Kyu Jae LEE₁, Soyean KIM₂, Tae Eul JUNG₁,
Dan JIN₃, Dong Hui KIM₄, Hyun-Won KIM₅
1. Dept. of Parasitology,
3. Microbiolog,
4. Bioloy,
5. Biochemistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei Universit ( Wonju, Korea)
2. Bokung Lagngevity Institute (Chungju, Korea)

Abstract: Unique duct system believed to be Bonghan duct and the corpuscle like structures were found on the surface of the liver from rabbit. Diameter of the duct was about 80 mm and formed of a bundle of tubules whose diameter was about 10-15 mm. Inside each tubules small granules of which the size is about 1 mm could be directly observed. As the granules form very narrow lines inside the tubules, it is possible that there exist another level of tubular structures through which the small granules flow. The granules were also observed to come out from the surface of duct. Stained section of the corpuscle-like structures showed that they were full of blood cells, suggesting hematopoiesis.

Keywords: meridian line, Bonghan duct, granules, corpulscle like structures, hematopoiesis

P.463

Different Levels of Tubular Structures Exist Inside Bonghan Duct

Dong Hui KIM₁, Kyu Jae LEE₂, Tae Eul JUNG₂, Dan JIN₃,
In-Bai CHUNG₄, Soyean KIM₅, Hyun-Won KIM₆
Dept. of
1. Bioloy,
2. Parasitology,
3. Microbiology ,
4. Obstetrics and Gynecology,
6. Biochemistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University (Wonju, Korea)
5. Bokung Lagngevity Institute (Chungju, Korea)

Abstract: We have isolated various types of Bonghan ducts. Mostly they consist of a bundle of tubules with fiber-like striae. Bonghan duct isolated from peritonea shows the presence of very large rod shaped cells whose length is almost 50 &mu m inside the tubules. Bonghan duct isolated from human umbilical cord also shows the presence large cells at the end section of the tublules, which are of more round shapes. However, sometimes very narrow lines of small granules whose size is about 1 &mu m were also observed from various types of Bonghan ducts. The electron microscopic examination (TEM) could confirm the existence of the small granules inside the striae forming the tubule, suggesting the striae might be also unique tubular structures. TEM showed that the granules inside striae have the nucleus and the membrane, and even divide. Present investigation reveals that there exist different levels of tubular structures inside Bonghan duct, and further suggests the granules and the cells inside each tubular structures might be interconverted.

Keywords: Bonghan duct, rabbit, umbilical cord, tubule, granules, striae, TEM

P.469

Bonghan Ducts on the Surface of RAT Liver

Hyeon-Min Johng, Hak-Soo Shin, Jung Sun Yoo,
Byung-Cheon Lee, Ku-Youn Baik, Kwang-Sup Soh+
Biomedical Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, Seoul National University (Seoul, Korea)

Abstract:Threadlike structures that moved freely and were sparsely fixed on the surfaces of various lobes of rat livers were observed. These structures were morphologically in accordance with Bonghan Kim's descriptions about the organ-surface Bonghan ducts. The ducts were transparent, and the thickness varied from 30 to 60?. There were also corpuscles connected by the ducts and the ducts often divided into two or more branches which were the characteristic features of Bonghan network on the surface of internal organs. By Feulgen reaction we found that streams of Bonghan granules flowed through the Bonghan duct. Thus the bundle structure of the Bonghan duct was observed.

Keywords: Bonghan duct, Bonghan corpuscle, Organ Surface Bonghan duct, Bonghan Granule, Liver, Rat

P.473

Histological aspect of threadlike structure inside blood vessel

Ku-Yooun Baik_1*, Eun Sung Park_2*, Byung-Cheon Lee₁, Hak-Soo Shin₁,
Chunho Choi₁, Seung-Ho Yi₁, Hyun-Min Johng₁, Tae Jeong Nam₁,
Kyung-Soon Soh₁, Yong-Sam Nahm₂, Yeo Sung Yoon₂, In-Se Lee₂,
Se-Young Ahn₄ and Kwang-Sup Soh₁
1. Biomedical Physics Lab., School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
2. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University
3. College of Oriental Medicine, Sae Myung University, ChungBook, Korea
4. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Solco Biomedical Co., Seoul, Korea
* These two authors contributed equally to this work

Abstract: We report on the observation of a novel structure inside of the blood vessels in rats. This is a rediscovery of the Bonghan ducts, which have not been yet confirmed because the observing method was not known. We applied a new procedure for observing these intra-blood vessel structures. The method we contrived is to let blood be coagulated around them so that they become thick and strong by intravenous injection of dextrose solution into a femoral vein. A piece of thickened sample is treated with urokinase to remove fibrin and blood clots and to recover the thin thread. Histological study was done with hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory's triple and Verhoeff's elastic stains. This intra-vascular thread was a semi-transparent and elastic structure whose diameters were of about 20 -100 &mum and also had many myoid cell-like rod-shape nuclei.

Keywords: Intra-vascular thread, Bonghan duct, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Mallory's triple and Verhoeff's elastic stain

P.477

True Health

JER MASTER CSB
Board of Lectureship, The First Church of Christ, Scientist, Boston, MA 021115, U.S.A

Abstract: Today a great deal of interest is being expressed in the subject of spirituality on health. Spiritual healing is a fascinating subject. Today articles on this topic are appearing in newspapers, magazines and in medical journals. It is being accepted as a practical, demonstrable method of healing for all problems, including diseases. The reasons are many. Perhaps traditional, western, allopathic medicine does not provide answers for many conditions. It is very expensive, sometimes uncomfortable, even painful. Several people turn to homeopathy, herbal medicine, yoga, acupuncture, and various other alternative methods of healing. Examples are given of the healing of flu, back pain, skin rash, and of how the process of spiritual reasoning.

Keywords: spiritual healing, mind/body/spirit, Christian Science, God's love in healing

P.481

Measurement of Bio-Magnetic Fields from Human Hands During Qi Emission

H. S. Shin₁, K. Y. Baik₁, K. S. Soh₁, S. J. Ko₂
1. School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
2. Oorinara Co., Ltd, Seoul Korea

Abstract: We used a fluxgate to measure the bio-magnetic field from the palm during Qi emission. Four subjects among ten Qi-gong practitioners showed moderate bio-magnetism of 1nT order. Qi-gong practitioners' bio-magnetism signals exhibit certain characteristic frequencies depending upon each individual. We could not, however, determine whether the observed signal is the bio-magnetic field emitted from the palm or only manifestation of the modulated background magnetic field.

Key words: Bio-magnetic field; Qi; Qi-gong; Traditional Chinese medicine; Flux gate; Fourier analysis.

P.487

Anomalous Magnetism Observed Around A Human Body

Shoichiro KOMAKI_1,2, Hideo YOICHI_1,2, Yuji ONO₁ and Susumu SAKURAI₁
1.Institute of New Energy and Electricity(Tokyo, Japan)
2.National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Chiba, Japan)

Abstract: In this report are described the method and results of measurement of anomalous magnetic field surrounding of and caused by a person 56 years old Japanese, who can diagnose client's health by slightly touching his hand to client's body.Experiments are done during such diagnosis by setting magnetic sensors around him. Magnetic sensors are of magnetic-flux-gate type, setting their axes each rectangular, thus capable of measuring magnetic field strength and direction in one unit. This time 10 units of them are set in horizontal line at the front and backward of subject person straightly. Outputs of all sensors are recorded continuously and simultaneously. Observed magnetism are arisen when the subject person says call that he finds client's peculiar point where he can feel in the client's health condition. Concerning the distribution of the magnetism around his body, they are strong at his body surface (8x103nT) and decay down as apart from his body. But in an event of magnetism occurrence, the peak point of place was apart 23cm from his body. Very curious but a new observation. From these facts it should be suggested that such anomalous magnetism occurrence are concerned to the consciousness of observed person and they change as the situation of his consciousness.

Keywords:anomalous magnetism, biological magnetism, conciousness followed by magnetism, magnetic flux gate method.

P.497

Clinical Improvement in cancer patients through alternative medicine, mainly fucoidan

Shinji Nishimoto
Nishimoto Daini Clinic�iWakayama�AJapan�j

Abstract:After I myself was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis of the whole colon 13 years ago, my co-workers and I have used various alternative therapies at our clinic, and we have been reporting the results steadily. We have presented reports at ISLIS meetings on the effects of Qigong and energy-irradiated water. Here, we report cases of various cancer patients treated with alternative therapies, mainly treatment with low molecular weight fucoidan. We present images and clinical data, including lymphocyte data. The patients were an HPV infected patient in her 20s who showed improvement of early stage uterine cancer, a breast cancer patient in her 50s who showed improvement, a woman in her 40s with Stage IV breast cancer who showed an enhanced immune response against metastasis into bones and lungs and lessening of symptoms, a man in his 80s with renal cancer who showed lessening of symptoms such as hematuria, and a woman in her 70s with improvement in tumor markers for hepatic cancer.

Keywords:Alternative medicine, Fucoidan, Uterine cancer, Breast cancer, Renal cancer, Hepatic cancer

P.512

Effects of Corydalis Tuber on synthesis of NO and PGE2in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by LPS

Ki-Young LEE₁, Sung-Ho PARK₁, Jeongseon KIM₂,
Mi-Hyeon JANG₃, Chang-Ju KIM₃, Ee-Hwa KIM₄
1. Department of Acupoint & Meridiant, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jechon, Korea
2. Department of Food & Nutrition in Oriental Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jechon, Korea
3. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
4. Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea

Abstract: Corydalis Tuber has traditionally been used for the treatment of pain and arthritis. The effect of Corydalis Tuber against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation was investigated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nitric oxide detection, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) immunoassay on murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The aqueous extract of Corydalis Tuber suppressed nitric oxide production and PGE2 synthesis by inhibition on the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated enhancement of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interlukin-1beta (IL-1beta) mRNAs expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that Atractylodes japonica exerts anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects probably by suppression of the iNOS, COX-2, and IL-1beta expressions.

Keywords: Corydalis Tuber, lipopolysaccharide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interlukin-1beta

P.521

Free from Anxiety Program (FAP)-A New Psychotherapy possibly Through Mirror Neurons

Fumio KUTO
Sio-Inssight Clinic (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract:A new psychotherapy called FAP (Free from Anxiety Program) was reported. FAP had constant validity in actual practice, which was confirmed statistically.For a theoretical interpretation of FAP diagnosis using the specific fingers technique, the author favors the "mirror neurons" system. In the brain map of the macaque monkey, "mirror neurons" in area F5 are situated closely rostral to the motor area and, beyond the central sulcus, also in the somatosensory area, where the "fingers" corresponding to the body parts occupy a comparatively wide extent in both areas. In this situation, the author hypothesizes the existence of pathways, concerned with the conduction of discharging impulses from the F5 neurons to the motor and somatosensory areas. These pathways are referred to as "FAP neural pathways". Thus "mirror neurons" and "FAP neural pathways" can neurologically contribute to the main concept of FAP; that is, "non-linguistic communication" between the patient and the therapist through the "fingers".

Keywords: Direct Mental Interaction with Living Systems, Free from Anxiety Program, FAP neural pathways, mirror neurons, power therapy

P.528

Related Factors with Sa-Sang Constitution

Jeongseon KIM₁, Hye-Jung KANG₁, Jung-Min KIM₁, Ee-Hwa KIM₂
1. Department of Food & Nutrition in Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jechon,Korea
2. Department of Meridian & Acupoint, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jechon, Korea

Abstract: One of the Korean traditional medicines, Sa-Sang classifies one's constitution into 4 types, which are referred to as Tae-Yang-In, Tae-Eum-In, So-Yang-In and So-Eum-In. This study was to examine demographic factors, lifestyle, biochemical indicators, and the dietary habit and to test any significant differences between Sa-Sang constitution and related factors. The participants were 483 college students and the data of 428 students were finally analyzed, whose constitution was determined identically through both the questionnaire on Sa-Sang constitution and a Korean traditional medical doctor's inquiry. Tae-Eum-In showed a significant difference statistically in BMI and a higher smoking rate. So-Yang-In is more active and So-Eum-In is more passive during work and in leisure time. So-Eum-In had a tendency to take vegetables and fruits more often. When a degree of roasting meat was indicated, So-Yang-In showed a higher score. Tae-Eum-In showed that his/her propensity to eat a visible fat portion as it is was higher. Considering the potential that most chronic degenerative diseases are developed from any of lifestyle factors, it is necessary to conduct an educational program on lifestyle including the dietary habit. So, it will be of interest to conduct a long-term follow-up study on those groups with any chronic degenerative disease in the future based on the classification of Sa-Sang constitution.

Keywords: Demographics, BMI, Lifestyle, Biochemical, Dietary Habits, Korean, Sa-Sang

P.536

Physiological Response to Unpleasant Sounds

Akio HORII, Chigusa YAMAMURA, Tomomichi KATSUMATA, Akihiko UCHIYAMA
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract:Using electroencephalograms (EEGs), we studied physiological response quantification towards unpleasant sounds. We especially examined personal difference, repeatability and fixed quantity nature of EEGs in three experiments. Results from EEG analysis regarding personal difference hinted at the possibility that a combination of sound frequencies caused an unpleasant sound environment, not a monofrequency component sound. As for repeatability, the siren sound of a fire truck and white noise significantly decreased alpha rhythm, and because a significant difference was recognized for the alpha rhythm for pleasant sounds, we thought stress of a living organism was shown. In addition, EEG data collected at a 1 week interval and EEG data collected for three continuous measurements on one day showed high reliability. EEGs negatively correlated with blood pressure (BP) and not with arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2).

Keywords:electroencephalogram (EEG), unpleasant sounds, sounds environment, personal difference, repeatability, quantification, fixed quantity nature of EEG, stress

P.545

Effects of Music on Physiological Measurements and Mood States, and Their Correlation with Impression of the Music

Keiko Momose₁, Yukihiro Fujisawa₂ and Akihiko Uchiyama₃
1. Faculty of Information Technology, Kanagawa Institute of Technology (Kanagawa, Japan)
2. Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology (Kanagawa, Japan)
3. School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether music which has an unvaried impression among different persons has reproducible effects on physiological measurements and mood states. Eight subjects listened to nine pieces of instrumental music, and evaluated the degree of impression by the semantic differential method (SD method). A large standard deviation of each item was found for each piece of relaxation music, whereas deviations for pleasant and sad music were small. Then, physiological and psychological effects of pleasant and sad instrumental music with small standard deviation were measured. Results showed that (1) mood states before and after listening to music depended on the impression of the music, (2) R-R intervals while listening to music were longer than those during a rest period, and (3) R-R intervals were correlated with fatigue score of mood states.

Keywords: music, impression, mood states, POMS, R-R interval

P.552

Biophysical Measurements of the Six-Words Practice Qi-gong

Mami KIDO
Tohoku-gakuin University, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Information Science (Sendai, Japan)

Abstract:Sound analyses of six vocal sounds used in six word practice Qi-gong (Rokujiketsu) was carried out by a Chinese and a Japanese Qi-gong master. Very high frequency components above 14.8 kHz were present in their voices. The fundamental frequency was basically a second harmonic but had a somewhat different structure according to who uttered the six words. Furthermore, the biophysical effects of listening to the six words uttered by the Qi-gong masters were measured by a single square voltage pulse (SSVP) method on meridian points for 15 subjects. The average changes in the order of the meridians indicated by the measurements on a person listening to or practicing the six word technique showed systematic trends. That is, the six word practice seems to affect certain internal organs or meridians dependent on the six word sound being uttered as commonly believed.

Keywords: six word practice, Qi-gong, SSVP, meridian, blood flow, autonomic nervous system, sound analyses, fundamental frequency

P.561

Effect of external Qi (MOA purifying therapy) on heart rate variability in climacteric women

Seiya UCHIDA₁, Kiyoshi YAMAOKA_1,3, Hisanobu SUGANO₁,
Michiko HATAYAMA₂ and Kazuo9 NITTA₁
1.MOA Health Science Foundation , Life IScience Institute (Shizuoka, Japan)
2.Gyokusen-kai Medical Foundation, MOA Takanawa Clinic (Tokyo, Japan)
3.Bunkyo Gakuin University (Saitma, Japan)

Abstract: We studied the change of the heart rate variability (HRV) in climacteric women by the external Qi (MOA purifying therapy). MOA purifying therapy was administrated to the therapy group (n=25, 55.5±3.8 years) relaxed on then bed. All subjects were climacteric women. The R=R intervals of subjects' electrocardiogram were measured. The HF component and the LF/HF componet were analyzed by the Wavelet transformation. As a result, the HF component during administration in the therapy group increased more than that during the relaxed position in the control group, significantly (p<0.005). There was no differnce between the LF/H component of the therapy group and the control group. It was supposed from this result that the administration of MOA purifying therapy activated parasympathetic nerve in the climacteric women. We expect that the application of external Qi, MOA purifying therapy, improves the health of patients with the climacteric syndrome.

Keywords:Climateric women, external Qi, MOA purifying therapy, heart rate variability, HF component, LF/HF component

P.563

Changes in the Mind and Body by Health Promotion Program with a central focus on MOA Purifying Therapy

Yasutami TSUDA₁, Seiya UCHIDA₁, Kazuo Nitta₁,
Seiji OTSUBO₂, Yoshiteru MAKI₂
1.MOA Health Science Foundation, Life Science Institute (FUkuoka, Japan)
2.Korinkai Medical Foundation, kagoshima Clinic (Kagoshima, Japan)

Abstract: Changes of fever, stiffness and pain by receiving halth promotion program with a central focus on MOA purifying therapy are quantified for 103 subjects. Fever and stiffness are digitally quanfified by areas tively by 10 steps. These indexes and can represent the effect of MOA purifying therapy well.

Keywords: MOA purifying therapy, Jorei, fever, sriffness,palpation

P.565

A direct light pathway to the brain and its immunological effect 565

Yoshitaka TORIUM₁, Tsutomu KAMEI_2,3, Kohji MURATA_2,3,
Katsuhiko HATA_2,4 and Nobutaka SUZUKI₃
1.Department of Pediatrics, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine (Izumo, Japan)
2.Department of Medical Research, Shimane Institute of Health Science (Izumo, Japan)
3.Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science (Kanazawa, Japan)
4.Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University (Chiba, Japan)

Abstract: Visible light has been suggested to modulate the immune response through an eye-brain mechanism. On the other hand, penetration of light through the cranial bone has been demonstrated in non-mammalian vertebrates. A red light diode was used to illuminate the forehead while the eyes were shielded in 8 healthy male human subjects. Natural killer (NK) cell activity (NK activity) and number of peripheral NK cells (CD57-CD16+) were examined. The relationship between changes in these immunological parameters and changes in brain alpha waves was also studied. After a 15-minute session of red light diode exposure, a tendency was observed toward increased NK activity, and a significant increase in the level of CD57-CD16+. In addition, among these parameters, a significant correlation was observed between the change in level of CD57-CD16+ and change in alpha wave effective amplitude measured during the first 5-minutes in the bilateral frontal regions. However, this correlation was not significant in the occipital regions. These results indicated that frontal exposure to red light from a diode, which might directly penetrate the human frontal bone, appeared to induce changes in alpha amplitude predominantly in the frontal hemisphere. This was postulated to lead to release of neurotransmitters, thereby accounting for the observed changes in peripheral NK cells.

Keywords: photodiode light, alpha wave, natural killer cell, forehead

P.574

The Effect of Odor Presentation on Immune Function after Stress Loading

Jae-do HAN₁ and Akihiko UCHIYAMA₂
1.Public Health Research Foundation (Tokyo, Japan)
2.School of Science and Engineering, Waseda Univ. (Tokyo, Japan)

Abstract: This research quantitatively analyzes the relaxation effect towards psychological stress among many stresses. Subjects were 10 healthy male adults, and physiological parameters were Heart Rate (HR), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), and Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) test was conducted to analyze the psychological condition, and the Uchida-Kraepelin test was used to load stress for 25 minutes. Majoram essential oil was used for the experiment. HR and SBP significantly decreased after presenting the oil odor for stimulation. SIgA concentration increased from the control value on presenting the odor. After a 20 minute recovery, SIgA was still significantly high (p<0.05). This suggested that this odor has a relaxation effect towards stress.

Keywords: Autonomic nervous activity, HR, SBP, SIgA, Uchida-Kraepelin test, POMS, Essential oil

P.580

Nonlinear analysis of EEG for brain respiration trained students during learning activities

Seung-Hyun Jin₁, Soo Yong Kim₂
1. Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education (Chungbuk, Korea),
2. Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (Daejeon, Korea)

Abstract: We investigated electroencephalogram (EEG) of brain respiration (BR) trained elementary school students. Five students are BR trained over six months and the other five students are not. We measured EEG from 16 channels during learning activities and calculated a correlation dimension as a nonlinear measure. BR trained students had higher average values of the D2 at Fp2 channel during resting state. When subjects were reading a book, BR trained students had higher average values of D2 at P3 channel. D2 of BR trained students were higher at C4 channel during mental arithmetic, and at F4 channel during finding their way out a maze than normal controls. These results suggest that the brain of BR trained students remained in a more attentive state during learning activities than that of normal controls.

Keywords: brain respiration, correlation dimension, EEG, learning activities, attentional state

P.584

The Trend Analysis of Hurst Exponent of Heartbeat

H. Lee₁, K. Kang₁, Y. J. Yang₁,
E. H. Kim₂, J. Y. Min₃, Y. Huh₄, S. Y. Kim₅
1. Division of Computer and Communication Engineering, Daejeon University, Korea
2. Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Korea
3. Department of Image Media, Sangji Youngseo College, Korea
4. Electromagnetic Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
5. Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Korea

Abstract : In this research, we construct Hurst Exponent(HE) model for classification of heartbeat, and making a diagnosis for active treatment of Chinese medical, the basic data of acupuncture treatment is supported by opinions of gross examination, pathological diagnosis, and immunotherapy from obtaining biological signals. We measure the heartbeat through the MCG, 14 healthy and 34 abnormal subjects, heart-deficiency syndrome, ostensibly. As our experiment, the mean values are changed 0.848, 0.755, 0.805, before, during and after acupuncture treatment in case of abnormal subjects, on the other hand, 0.808, 0.798, 0.767 in normal respectively. And then, we prove that HE index variability by acupuncture treatment is different normal controls and abnormal each other, also the acupuncture effect through the paired sample test of healthy and heart-deficiency syndrome subjects.

Keywords: Hurst Exponent(HE), RR intervals, heart-deficiency syndrome, MCG heartbeat time series

P.588

Analysis of EKG for fetus affected by mother's heartbeat signal

Cheol Hyun Kim₁, Soo Yong Kim₁, Hyoung Lee₂
1. Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
2. Division of Computer and Communications Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea

Abstract: Cognitive functions can be detected by heartbeat signals. We have obtained EKG data from neonates in three cognitive states - rest, auditory stimulus and (post)rest states. We have got several statistical properties of the heartbeat signals from the neonates who were used to hear artificial heartbeat signals when they were in their mother's womb. Also, we compared them with those of normal neonates who were not. Auditory stimulus used in this experiment mimics mother's heartbeat signal. All the neonates tested were about 5 months old. There are no significant difference in mean-heart rates and standard deviation of heart rate between two groups and among three states. However the statistical characteristics based on nonlinear dynamics and information theory, which tells the difference between two groups and among three states has been detected.

Keywords: Logan system, linguistic analysis, variational analysis, EKG, hebbian learning

P.592

Migration of Lipiodol Along the Meridian Line

Joong Wha PARK₁, In Soo HONG₁, Jin Ha YOON₂, Hyun-Won KIM₃
1. Dept. of Radiolgy,
2. Biochemistry, Yonsei University,
3. Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, (Wonju, Korea)

Abstract: Lipiodol, iodized poppy seed oil, is widely used as a contrast media and can be traced by x-ray. Although it was very slow, lipiodol injected to acupoints flowed along the meridian line upward or downward as was suggested by meridian theory. Tracing of injected lipiodol by x-ray revealed that the meridians are a unique morphological entity through which the material flows.

Keywords: lipiodol, acupoints, meridian line, x-ray

P.595

Histology of Unique Tubular Structures Believed To Be Meridian Line

Soyean KIM₁, Kyu Jae LEE₂, Tae Eul JUNG₂,
Dan JIN₃, Dong Hui KIM₄, Hyun-Won KIM₅
1. Bokung Lagngevity Institute (Chungju, Korea)
2. Dept. of Parasitology,
3. Microbiolog,
4. Bioloy,
5. Biochemistyr, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei Universit, (Wonju, Korea),

Abstract: We isolated duct system from the dermis of rabbit believed to be traditional meridian line. Methylene blue stain shows a bundle of tubules inside the duct. The diameter of the duct and the tubule was about 70 mm and 5-10mm, respectively. Close view showed fine fiber-like striae inside the tubules, through which very narrow lines of small granules of which the size is about 1 mm could be directly observed. These results confirm the identity of isolated duct from the dermis as a Bonghan duct. The cryosection of the ducts showed many lines of the rod shaped nuclei distributed as broken-line stripes, which is also a typical characteristic of Bonghan duct.

Keywords: meridian line, Bonghan duct, granules, cryostate, rod shaped nuclei

P.598

Bonghan Ducts and Corpuscles with DNA-contained Granules on the Internal Organs-Surfaces of Rabbits

Ku Youn Baik, Baeckkyoung Sung, Byung-Cheon Lee, Hyeon-Min Johng, Vyacheslava Ogay,
Tae Jung Nam, Hak-Soo Shin, and Kwang-Sup Soh
Biomedical Physics Lab., School of Physics, Seoul National University Seoul, 151-747, Korea

Abstract: We observed threadlike structure separated partially from peritoneum and connected to the peritoneum or abdominal wall. The corpuscle on the way of the threadlike structure on the organ surface of a rabbit contained 2? size granules. The study with confocal laser scanning microscope revealed that there were DNA inside of the granule. The granule might be a sort of cell-free DNA, or a naturally existing micro-cell.

Keywords: Bonghan duct, Bonghan corpuscle, Bonghan granule (San Al), DNA, micro-cell

P.602

MAGNETIC SEPARATION PROCESSES IN LIVING ORGANISMS AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT

Svetlana NORINA, Kwang-Sup SOH, Young-Zoon YOON, and Vyacheslav OGAY
Biomedical Physics Laboratory,School of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea 151-747

Abstract: Numerous magnetic devices for magneto-therapy including steady magnets with various forms and sizes are widely produced. In such devices the gradient magnetic fields are combined with needed mechanical vibrations. Magnetic concentration effects occur always in living systems because gradient magnetic fields inside organism are strong enough to cause drifts of cellular complexes and organelles by micron and submicron sizes. In the present article we report on the appearance of super-paramagnetic contaminations inside developing eggs of Artemia shrimps. In developing shrimps eggs ferritin aggregates were observed under weak gradient magnetic fields and dia-para-ferromagnetic transitions were detected. A significant interruption of eggs' developing was revealed in such fields.

Keywords: magnetotherapy, magnetic separation, developing Artemia eggs, ferritin, biomagnetism.

P.606

Bonghan System and Hypothesis on Oncogenesis

Jong-Su Lee
Ogumdong, SongPaGu, Seoul, Korea 138-737

Abstract: The presence of Bonghan ducts inside the blood vessels of rabbits was reconfirmed in the 1970's by Lee and Fujiwara. Intravascular Bonghan ducts were taken from the vena cava inferior and from the ovarian-vessels by using the methylene-blue staining method. The author proposes that causes of cancers are deeply connected with the pathological condition of the Bonghan system.

Keywords: Bonghan system, Bonghan duct, Sanal (Bonghan granule), Oncogenesis

P.609

Thread-like Structures in the Aorta and Coronary Artery of Swine

Sung-Jin CHO, Byeong-Soo KIM₁, Young-Seok PARK
Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Chungnam Korea
1. Department of Pet Animal Science, Sohae College, Chonbuk, Korea

Abstract: We report on the observation of thread-like structures which run inside the aorta and coronary artery of the swine. Although the current knowledge of animal anatomy and physiology does not explain such structure, it is found that these intravascular thread-like structures were attached with clotting mass in the left ventricle of the heart. These structures were running along the inside of the aorta and coronary artery. These structures were semitransparent when it was washed with saline. The thickness of these structures varied from 100 to 300um. We considered that these structures were morphologically similar intravascular Bonghan duct (IBHD). More extensive investigation is necessary to elucidate whether invascular thread-like structure are truly Bonghan duct or material of clot.

Keywords: Swine, Thread-like structure, Intravascular, Coronary artery, aorora, Intravascular Bonghan duct (IBHD), Clot

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Conribution Regulation

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